Akademik

A salt or ester of pyruvic acid.

- active p. an intermediate formed in the oxidative decarboxylation of p.. Cf.:p. dehydrogenase (lipoamide). SYN: α-lactyl-thiamin pyrophosphate.

- p. carboxylase ligase catalyzing reaction of ATP, p., and HCO₃²⁻, to form ADP, orthophosphate, and oxaloacetate; biotin and acetyl-CoA are involved; an absence of this enzyme results in neuronal loss in the cerebral cortex, leading to mental retardation.

- p. decarboxylase α-carboxylase; α-ketoacid carboxylase; a thiamin-pyrophosphate–dependent carboxylase of yeast catalyzing decarboxylation of a 2-oxoacid ( e.g., p.) to an aldehyde ( e.g., acetaldehyde) without oxidoreduction and without lipoamide, in contrast to p. dehydrogenase (lipoamide).

- p. dehydrogenase a structurally distinct collection of enzymes containing p. dehydrogenase (lipoamide), dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase.

- p. dehydrogenase (cytochrome) an oxidoreductase catalyzing reaction between ferricytochrome b₁ and p. to yield acetate and CO₂, and ferrocytochrome b₁.

- p. dehydrogenase (lipoamide) an oxidoreductase catalyzing conversion of p. and (oxidized) lipoamide to CO₂ and S⁶-acetyldihydrolipoamide in two successive reactions: the first between p. and thiamin pyrophosphate to yield CO₂ and α-hydroxyethylthiamin pyrophosphate (active p.); the second between the last named and lipoamide to regain the thiamin pyrophosphate and yield S⁶-acetylhydrolipoamide. Cf.:α-ketodecarboxylase.

- p. kinase (PK) phosphoenolp. kinase; a phosphotransferase catalyzing transfer of phosphate from phosphoenolp. to ADP, forming ATP and p.; other nucleoside phosphates can participate in the reaction; a key step in glycolysis; a deficiency in p. kinase will lead to hemolytic anemia.

- p. oxidase an oxidoreductase catalyzing the reaction of p., phosphate, and O₂ to yield acetyl phosphate, CO₂, and H₂O₂.

py·ru·vate pī-'rü-.vāt n a salt or ester of pyruvic acid

see pyruvic acid