Akademik

1. Symptoms resulting from low blood glucose (normal glucose range 60–100 mg/dL (3.3 to 5.6 mmol/L)) which are either autonomic or neuroglycopenic. Autonomic symptoms include sweating, trembling, feelings of warmth, anxiety, and nausea. Neuroglycopenic symptoms include feelings of dizziness, confusion, tiredness, difficulty speaking, headache and inability to concentrate. 2. Organic disease more often leads to neuroglycopenic symptoms, functional disorders to autonomic symptoms. Functional h. is of doubtful existence; the so-called post-prandial hypoglycemic syndrome has not been confirmed by blood sugar measurements. No convincing evidence has been found of the existence of early-diabetes h., or alimentary h.. SYN: glucopenia.

- fasting h. excessively low blood glucose in association with fasting; can be seen in patients with hyperinsulinism but also occurs without definable disease.

- ketotic h. the most common form of childhood h. after the neonatal period; it usually presents between the ages of 18 months and 5 years, and resolves spontaneously by late childhood; manifested by hypoglycemic episodes usually occurring during minor illnesses that cause decreased appetite; probably due to a defect in gluconeogenesis and limited glycogen stores.

- leucine h. reduction in blood glucose concentration produced by administration of leucine; believed to reflect the ability of this amino acid to stimulate insulin secretion.

- leucine-induced h. rare cause of h. occurring following ingestion of leucine. Seen especially in infants. SYN: leucine-sensitive h..

- leucine-sensitive h. SYN: leucine-induced h..

- mixed h. h. due to more than one cause.

- neonatal h. [MIM*240900] familial onset of symptomatic h. during infancy, with persistently low blood glucose; a variant form [MIM*240800] is leucine-induced with hyperinsulinism and variable mental retardation.

hy·po·gly·ce·mia or chiefly Brit hy·po·gly·cae·mia .hī-pō-glī-'sē-mē-ə n abnormal decrease of sugar in the blood