Akademik

hold back
verb
1. hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of (Freq. 4)
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Arrest the downward trend

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Check the growth of communism in South East Asia

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Contain the rebel movement

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Turn back the tide of communism

Syn: ↑check, ↑turn back, ↑arrest, ↑stop, ↑contain
Derivationally related forms: ↑containment (for: ↑contain), ↑stop (for: ↑stop)
Hypernyms: ↑defend
Hyponyms: ↑cut down, ↑cut out
Verb Frames:
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Somebody ——s something

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Somebody ——s somebody

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Something ——s somebody

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Something ——s something

2. keep under control; keep in check (Freq. 1)
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suppress a smile

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Keep your temper

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keep your cool

Syn: ↑restrain, ↑keep, ↑keep back
Derivationally related forms: ↑restrainer (for: ↑restrain), ↑restraint (for: ↑restrain)
Hypernyms: ↑inhibit, ↑bottle up, ↑suppress
Hyponyms:
hold, ↑confine, ↑inhibit, ↑bottle up, ↑suppress, ↑control, ↑hold in, ↑contain, ↑check, ↑curb, ↑moderate
Verb Frames:
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Somebody ——s somebody

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Somebody ——s somebody PP

3. refrain from doing
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she forbore a snicker

Syn: ↑forbear
Hypernyms: ↑refrain, ↑forbear
Verb Frames:
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Somebody ——s

4. wait before acting
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the scientists held off announcing their results until they repeated the experiment

Syn: ↑wait, ↑hold off
Derivationally related forms: ↑wait (for: ↑wait), ↑waiter (for: ↑wait)
Hypernyms: ↑act, ↑move
Hyponyms: ↑hold out, ↑delay
Verb Frames:
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Somebody ——s

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Somebody ——s something

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Somebody ——s VERB-ing

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They hold back a long time

5. hold back; keep from being perceived by others
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She conceals her anger well

Syn: ↑conceal, ↑hold in
Derivationally related forms: ↑concealment (for: ↑conceal), ↑concealing (for: ↑conceal)
Hyponyms: ↑occult
Verb Frames:
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Somebody ——s something

6. secure and keep for possible future use or application
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The landlord retained the security deposit

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I reserve the right to disagree

Syn: ↑retain, ↑hold, ↑keep back
Derivationally related forms: ↑holding (for: ↑hold), ↑retention (for: ↑retain)
Hypernyms: ↑keep, ↑hold on
Hyponyms: ↑hold down
Verb Frames:
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Somebody ——s something

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They hold back the money

* * *

hesitate to act or speak

he held back, remembering the mistake he had made before

* * *

hold back [phrasal verb]
1 a : to stop yourself from doing something

She wanted to introduce herself to him but she held back out of shyness.

1 b : to make a less than complete effort

She could have beaten him in the race, but she held back and let him win. [=she did not run as fast as she could have so that he would win]

1 c hold (someone) back : to stop (someone) from doing something

Once he starts talking, there's no holding him back. [=it's very hard to get him to stop talking]

2 hold (something) back or hold back (something)
2 a : to not allow (something) to be seen or known by someone

He was unable to hold back his tears. [=to keep from crying]

The government held back [=withheld] some crucial information from the media.

I know you're angry, so don't hold anything back (from me). [=tell me everything]

2 b : to keep (something)

He held several thousand dollars back in case of an emergency.

2 c : to delay (something)

The company held back the first shipment of the new product until it was completely ready.

3 hold (someone or something) back or hold back (someone or something) : to stop (someone or something) from moving forward : to stop (someone or something) from advancing to the next level, grade, or stage

She might have been more successful, but bad health held her back.

He was held back [=kept back] in first grade.

• • •
Main Entry:hold

* * *

ˌhold ˈback (from doing sth) | ˌhold sb ˈback (from doing sth) derived
to hesitate or to make sb hesitate to act or speak

She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news.

I wanted to tell him the truth, but something held me back.

Main entry:holdderived

Useful english dictionary. 2012.