Akademik

One who perceives, notices, or watches; in behavioral research with humans, the investigator or his/her surrogate. [L. observo, to watch]

- nonparticipant o. an investigator who studies a group of subjects engaged in certain activities but does not directly participate in these activities, presumably being able to study them more objectively.

- participant o. an investigator who while studying the activities of a group of subjects also participates in their activities, presumably being able to gain more detailed, relevant information but with less objectivity.