(1517–1586)
Roman Catholiccardinal, diplomat, and politician in the service of Holy Ro man emperor Charles V of Habsburg. After the departure of King Philip II from the Netherlands to Spain in 1559, Granvelle became one of the most influential councilors of the regent, Margaret of Parma. His policy was fiercely opposed by the nobility in the Netherlands, who felt excluded. In 1564, Granvelle was dismissed, but in his new function, as a Spanish diplomat in Rome, he remained an important advisor of his sovereign in the political matters of the Netherlands, especially during the Revolt.
Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands. EdwART. 2012.