▪ I. surplus sur‧plus 1 [ˈsɜːpləs ǁ ˈsɜːr-] noun
1. [countable, uncountable] ECONOMICS an amount of something that is more than what is wanted, needed, or used:
• Sugar prices fell after revised estimates of the surplus for the current crop year.
surplus of
• There is a current housing surplus of approximately 500,000 properties.
when spending, usually by a government, is less than the amount of money received in taxes or other income during a particular period:
• The government, which is running a healthy budget surplus (= is spending much less than it is receiving ) , must spend billions of dollars to build apartments, roads, and other infrastructure.
ˈcapital ˌsurplus
1. [countable] ECONOMICS FINANCE when a company or country has more money for investment than it needs:
• It makes financial sense to borrow in capital surplus countries and lend to countries where capital is relatively scarce.
2. [countable] INSURANCE the difference between the amount of money received by insurers from customers paying for policies, and the amount paid out for claims:
• They must report a $70 million capital surplus next year or face closure by state regulators.
conˈsumer ˌsurplus also ˈbuyers' ˌsurplus
[uncountable] ECONOMICS the amount of money someone is willing to pay for something, minus the amount they actually paid for it:
• If you would be willing to spend £2,000 on a holiday, and paid £1,200, you would be obtaining £800 of consumer surplus.
2. [countable, uncountable] FINANCE in
mutual S (= insurance companies etc that do not have shareholders) the profit for a particular period of time, or from several periods of time, that has not been paid out to members:
• The life insurance company had capital and surplus totaling $459.2 million.
3. [countable] FINANCE in insurance companies and
pension fund S, the amount by which the money held is more than they have to pay out in claims or pensions:
• The steelworks pensioners joined the fight to get a share of a £300 million British Steel pension surplus.
4. [countable] also balance of payments surplus or external surplus ECONOMICS the amount by which the money coming into a country is more than the money going out in a particular period of time:
• A country that has a balance of payments surplus may receive payment from the debtor's foreign exchange reserves.
ˈtrade ˌsurplus also ˌbalance of ˈtrade ˌsurplus [countable, uncountable] ECONOMICS
a surplus related to imports and exports, rather than other payments:
• We must rebuild manufacturing so as to generate a balance of trade surplus.
trade surplus with
• China has enjoyed a trade surplus with Japan.
[m0] ▪ II. surplus surplus 2 adjective
more than is needed or wanted:
• Many businesses relocated, surplus space having become available because of the recession.
• Those employees will become surplus, and costly to retain.
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The difference occurring when income or revenue is greater than expenditure. Opposite of deficit.
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Ⅰ.
surplus UK US /ˈsɜːpləs/ noun [C or U]
► a surplus of sth »
The plant had a surplus of components.
► ACCOUNTING,
ECONOMICS »
The savings will create a surplus of a little more than $24 million.
»
The overall gap continues to reflect a deficit in the trade of goods and a surplus in services.
Ⅱ.
surplus UK US /ˈsɜːpləs/ adjective
► »
As the economy slowed, companies that had invested surplus funds in the stock market found their returns dwindling.
»
The form of the payout of surplus cash to investors will be revealed in May.