The ancient Egyptians did not as a rule travel extensively, but the king and officials needed to traverse the country, and farmers needed to visit local markets. Then, as now, most people either walked or rode donkeys for local visits. An important official was often carried in a palanquin for short distances. For longer journeys, the most convenient way to move from place to place was by boat on the Nile and its canals. During the flood season, this was the most practical way to travel. The use of the desert road system for internal travel and journeys to the oases and mines is only now being studied and fully appreciated.
The Egyptians were not very keen on foreign travel, as they regarded Egypt as the height of civilization. Their armies and tradeexpeditions marched on foot with officers later in chariots and supplies on pack mules, but maritime sailing expeditions are recorded to the Syrian ports mainly for purposes of trade. The Tale of Sinuheand the Tale of Wenamun illustrate the distaste felt by Egyptians for traveling abroad.
See also Warfare.
Historical Dictionary Of Ancient Egypt by Morris L. Bierbrier
Ancient Egypt. A Reference Guide. EdwART. 2011.